Detection: Detect AzureHound File Modifications

Updated Date: 2024-09-30 ID: 1c34549e-c31b-11eb-996b-acde48001122 Author: Michael Haag, Splunk Type: TTP Product: Splunk Enterprise Security

Description

The following analytic detects the creation of specific AzureHound-related files, such as *-azurecollection.zip and various .json files, on disk. It leverages data from the Endpoint.Filesystem datamodel, focusing on file creation events with specific filenames. This activity is significant because AzureHound is a tool used to gather information about Azure environments, similar to SharpHound for on-premises Active Directory. If confirmed malicious, this activity could indicate an attacker is collecting sensitive Azure environment data, potentially leading to further exploitation or privilege escalation within the cloud infrastructure.

Search

1
2| tstats `security_content_summariesonly` count min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime from datamodel=Endpoint.Filesystem where Filesystem.file_name IN ("*-azurecollection.zip", "*-azprivroleadminrights.json", "*-azglobaladminrights.json", "*-azcloudappadmins.json", "*-azapplicationadmins.json") by Filesystem.file_create_time Filesystem.process_id  Filesystem.file_name Filesystem.file_path Filesystem.dest Filesystem.user 
3| `drop_dm_object_name(Filesystem)` 
4| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` 
5| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)` 
6| `detect_azurehound_file_modifications_filter`

Data Source

Name	Platform	Sourcetype	Source
Sysmon EventID 11	Windows	`'xmlwineventlog'`	`'XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational'`

Macros Used

Name	Value
security_content_ctime	`convert timeformat="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S" ctime($field$)`
detect_azurehound_file_modifications_filter	`search *`

detect_azurehound_file_modifications_filter is an empty macro by default. It allows the user to filter out any results (false positives) without editing the SPL.

Annotations

- MITRE ATT&CK

+ Kill Chain Phases

+ NIST

+ CIS

- Threat Actors

ID	Technique	Tactic
T1087.002	Domain Account	Discovery
T1069.001	Local Groups	Discovery
T1482	Domain Trust Discovery	Discovery
T1087.001	Local Account	Discovery
T1087	Account Discovery	Discovery
T1069.002	Domain Groups	Discovery
T1069	Permission Groups Discovery	Discovery

KillChainPhase.EXPLOITAITON

NistCategory.DE_CM

Cis18Value.CIS_10

APT41

BRONZE BUTLER

Chimera

Dragonfly

FIN13

FIN6

Fox Kitten

INC Ransom

Ke3chang

LAPSUS$

MuddyWater

OilRig

Poseidon Group

RedCurl

Sandworm Team

Scattered Spider

ToddyCat

Turla

Volt Typhoon

Wizard Spider

menuPass

Chimera

HEXANE

OilRig

Tonto Team

Turla

Volt Typhoon

admin@338

Akira

Chimera

Earth Lusca

FIN8

Magic Hound

APT1

APT3

APT32

APT41

Chimera

Fox Kitten

Ke3chang

Moses Staff

OilRig

Poseidon Group

RedCurl

Threat Group-3390

Turla

Volt Typhoon

admin@338

Aquatic Panda

FIN13

Dragonfly

FIN7

INC Ransom

Inception

Ke3chang

LAPSUS$

OilRig

ToddyCat

Turla

Volt Typhoon

APT3

APT41

FIN13

TA505

Volt Typhoon

Default Configuration

This detection is configured by default in Splunk Enterprise Security to run with the following settings:

Setting	Value
Disabled	true
Cron Schedule	`0 * * * *`
Earliest Time	`-70m@m`
Latest Time	`-10m@m`
Schedule Window	`auto`
Creates Notable	Yes
Rule Title	`%name%`
Rule Description	`%description%`
Notable Event Fields	user, dest
Creates Risk Event	True

This configuration file applies to all detections of type TTP. These detections will use Risk Based Alerting and generate Notable Events.

Implementation

To successfully implement this search you need to be ingesting information on file modifications that include the name of the process, and file, responsible for the changes from your endpoints into the Endpoint datamodel in the Filesystem node.

Known False Positives

False positives should be limited as the analytic is specific to a filename with extension .zip. Filter as needed.

Associated Analytic Story

Windows Discovery Techniques

Risk Based Analytics (RBA)

Risk Message	Risk Score	Impact	Confidence
A file - $file_name$ was written to disk that is related to AzureHound, a AzureAD enumeration utility, has occurred on endpoint $dest$ by user $user$.	63	70	90

The Risk Score is calculated by the following formula: Risk Score = (Impact * Confidence/100). Initial Confidence and Impact is set by the analytic author.

References

Detection Testing

Test Type	Status	Dataset	Source	Sourcetype
Validation	✅ Passing	N/A	N/A	N/A
Unit	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`
Integration	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`

Replay any dataset to Splunk Enterprise by using our replay.py tool or the UI. Alternatively you can replay a dataset into a Splunk Attack Range

Source: GitHub | Version: 4