Detection: Windows Mark Of The Web Bypass

Updated Date: 2024-09-30 ID: 8ca13343-7405-4916-a2d1-ae34ce0c28ae Author: Teoderick Contreras, Splunk Type: TTP Product: Splunk Enterprise Security

Description

The following analytic identifies a suspicious process that deletes the Mark-of-the-Web (MOTW) data stream. It leverages Sysmon EventCode 23 to detect when a file's Zone.Identifier stream is removed. This activity is significant because it is a common technique used by malware, such as Ave Maria RAT, to bypass security restrictions on files downloaded from the internet. If confirmed malicious, this behavior could allow an attacker to execute potentially harmful files without triggering security warnings, leading to further compromise of the system.

Search

1`sysmon` EventCode=23 TargetFilename = "*:Zone.Identifier" 
2| stats  min(_time) as firstTime max(_time) as lastTime count by user EventCode Image TargetFilename ProcessID dest 
3| `security_content_ctime(firstTime)` 
4| `security_content_ctime(lastTime)` 
5| `windows_mark_of_the_web_bypass_filter`

Data Source

Name	Platform	Sourcetype	Source
Sysmon EventID 23	Windows	`'xmlwineventlog'`	`'XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational'`

Macros Used

Name	Value
security_content_ctime	`convert timeformat="%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S" ctime($field$)`
windows_mark_of_the_web_bypass_filter	`search *`

windows_mark_of_the_web_bypass_filter is an empty macro by default. It allows the user to filter out any results (false positives) without editing the SPL.

Annotations

- MITRE ATT&CK

+ Kill Chain Phases

+ NIST

+ CIS

- Threat Actors

ID	Technique	Tactic
T1553.005	Mark-of-the-Web Bypass	Defense Evasion

KillChainPhase.EXPLOITAITON

NistCategory.DE_CM

Cis18Value.CIS_10

APT29

TA505

Default Configuration

This detection is configured by default in Splunk Enterprise Security to run with the following settings:

Setting	Value
Disabled	true
Cron Schedule	`0 * * * *`
Earliest Time	`-70m@m`
Latest Time	`-10m@m`
Schedule Window	`auto`
Creates Notable	Yes
Rule Title	`%name%`
Rule Description	`%description%`
Notable Event Fields	user, dest
Creates Risk Event	True

This configuration file applies to all detections of type TTP. These detections will use Risk Based Alerting and generate Notable Events.

Implementation

To successfully implement this search, you need to be ingesting logs with the deleted target file name, process name and process id from your endpoints. If you are using Sysmon, you must have at least version 6.0.4 of the Sysmon TA.

Known False Positives

unknown

Associated Analytic Story

Warzone RAT

Risk Based Analytics (RBA)

Risk Message	Risk Score	Impact	Confidence
A mark-of-the-web data stream is deleted on $dest$	49	70	70

The Risk Score is calculated by the following formula: Risk Score = (Impact * Confidence/100). Initial Confidence and Impact is set by the analytic author.

References

Detection Testing

Test Type	Status	Dataset	Source	Sourcetype
Validation	✅ Passing	N/A	N/A	N/A
Unit	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`
Integration	✅ Passing	Dataset	`XmlWinEventLog:Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational`	`XmlWinEventLog`

Replay any dataset to Splunk Enterprise by using our replay.py tool or the UI. Alternatively you can replay a dataset into a Splunk Attack Range

Source: GitHub | Version: 3